On July 4, 1867, the Georgia Republican Party was established, and one of its founders was Jefferson Long. He was a former slave who learned to read and write on his own, and became a successful tailor in Macon after his emancipation.
Georgia’s re-entry into the Union was delayed because the state legislature refused to ratify the 14th Amendment. When that happened Long was elected to Congress in 1870, but four of his black supporters were killed on election day by white mobs. Long was the second African American elected to Congress, and the first black man to speak on the floor of the House of Representatives. He warned his colleagues of the atrocities being committed by white supremacists.
He said federal troops should not leave Georgia because of the “danger of KKK outrages”. Long was the last black Congressman elected from Georgia until Representative Andrew Young (D) won a seat in 1972.
Long was also elected Republican National Committeeman and was a delegate to the 1872 and 1880 Republican National Conventions where he supported the nominations of U.S. Grant and James A. Garfield.